Distribution characteristics and source of the main environmental elements in the surface soil of Lake Baiyangdian wetlands

白洋淀是雄安新区生态共同体的重要组成部分，在“白洋淀生态环境治理和保护规划”中，淀区内纯水村和耕地将被淹没，而上述陆地的土壤环境元素分布特征及来源仍缺乏系统调查和分析.本文以淀区内现有0~20 cm土壤为研究对象，以环境元素As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn、N、P和土壤类型、质地为研究要素，以统计描述、方差分析、相关分析和因子分析为研究手段对淀区内土壤主要环境元素分布特征和来源进行刻画和分析.结果表明：淀区主要环境元素在不同土地类型的差异性分布是大气沉降和人类工农业活动综合作用的结果.除元素P外，其余环境元素的淀区背景值均高于区域背景值，呈富集趋势.大部分元素趋向于在农用地富集，在水田的富集最为突出，Hg元素则更易在村镇用地富集.淀区内土壤主要环境元素来源分3种类型：大气沉降型，代表元素为Ni、Cr、As、Pb、Cu和Cd，主要来自区域燃煤烟气的沉降输入；农业输入型，代表元素为P、N、Hg、Cd、Pb，主要来自本地农业施肥和人类生活垃圾输入；工业叠加型，代表元素为Zn、Cu、Cd、Pb，主要来自大气沉降和淀区临近的小冶炼的排放叠加，其中Pb、Cd、Cu为综合输入方式.;Lake Baiyangdian is an important part of Xiongan's ecological community. In the Lake Ecological Environment Management and Protection Plan, water villages farmland in will be submerged. The survey analysis soil environmental elements are still rare on lands Baiyangdian. This paper takes 0-20 cm Baiyangdian's to examine pollution patterns As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, N P using statistical description, correlation analysis, variance factor analysis. results show that significant differences distribution main different types land result combined effects atmospheric deposition with human industrial agricultural activities. Besides P, all other elements' background values higher than those around areas. It tends enrichment. Most enriched lands, especially paddy fields, but Hg element more easily village lands. Environmental come from three ways:Ni, Cd mainly atmosphere coal burning, N, Pb fertilizer activities human, small melting workshop.